Bloom shears



septn 11, 1921; J- H^H". RQ. 11,079

BLOOM SHEARS K 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Aug. 15.*` 1924 Reissued UNITED l S..11"MIP-1E."s4 Perser Ie'if-"rier..

p angina-.11. m5095636,- da

sept. 11', 1928.

CLEVELAND; onjro.

181209K SHBARS;

reissue filed September 2,-

'Bhisinvention isfor shearing device-s,- end-1 relaties particularly toay bloomsheer'.

inthe' usual sheer fon blooms-Qnoiv in use,

thebl'oom or berriests-on the; lower knife, and

the upper theretoto Im thisA shear-.ing operation,A

vlfm-ite moves down with respect efec'tv the` shea-ning olifthe bloom.. the two.- knives of thesheen overlap, o1: shop-lid overlap, 'rl-iglit-.disi-nce at thecompletion of the out tingstroke.

tact with the top knife, that is,v the portion.

overh-anging. the lower `move deWT):

It is this shitting of. the

kniile.. mnstle. free to as the upper. knife moves down. two sections ot the vbloom with` respect to each other and underthe' press-ure. obloom. This ha the knives that severs ther d led to the use of a. doivnn .vsrrdlv yieldable orY depression table in, connection, withlv this type ,01Ev sheer. are not generally- Satisfact-.01137, ly cause trouble.

In. order Such tables find eque-nt# to eliminate-the shear depression t.-i.blies,.` ithas been proposed to utili-Ze :i shear `wherein. tl

firm cont acti, with thebloom,.

ie'. lip-per knife moves down into eviten which the bottom Vknife rises to shear the bloom,v its upward stroke being comple-ted when the' each lniie knives slightly overlarp. After the 'shea-ring',

is moved by a separa-te liydrenlic cylinder mechanism, and can also be obtained by man patent to trates one 1 rnp roved shezirs ifs` shown. in

seagate.

In my Germ shown a single ment of the upper Recording tov l pose to' prt ing' the kn lili-eri l the l: Ive.g

e suitable system` of levers. Ger- Brnno Quast No. 332,527; illussuch` `system of levers`l` while any lever movement 'for operating i my Germa-nPat-ent No.

an patent sbo-.ve noted` I have lever for effecting the moveand lower knives. the present inventiom-I provvide' a@ new` mechanism for operat- Whe-rein system of two levers Petry-een an operating shaft and utilized, and has for its object` to rovide a more e'icient and practical operating the. knives. l er important obJect 1s to provide of this type, improved means 'tor trimsmittingLA compressive strains between inf-.win g p in motion arts andy t'o provide a sheafr wherefrom' the levers to the knives may illustrated iin my 192e'. serien- Nm megane'.

be. tl-ansmitted tliroughi ltwo compression-f mmbi Instead. of. ai compression and s.

tensioninemberf. A.

A, further. miportant obje-et is` ton-provide means 1n the knife carriers for counteract .ing SP-Fad-lng: strains 'ofiorees, insteaj-d.- of

JPIRDSm-'l-illlgli-Suoh-,tomes t-o-tlie sheen hong-- ing; as hashe'retifone beenv @estema-ny.,

I and.' Other ohjeets eind; advantages 1-e att-@Hed by my invention, which. isjllusmated,

in @www-Pennine dra-wings, butin will'. beunderstood that such. drawings ,me hameon,

sideredg es. illustra-tive. @it the inventipn, and

that `various changes a-ndinodiiicetions, may be, madein the 'constructions shown.l within` the-spirit of tlienventomy Iixitlie'dirawings;

1f` illustrates, somewhat diagram-matically., ashear hai-'ing anovel arrangement offlevers' for operating the knives, showing the vknives Opern. the figure representing a, vertical section through the she-ar; y

Fig. 2 is another vievv,-, partly in section 'and 'partly in elevation of the shear shown inFiglif' Fig. 3' corresponds tlo Fig. 1,'but shows the position of the part-s attlieend of the shea-ring stroke; y

Figs. 4, and 5rv are detail vievvs oi the knuckle joints used inthe shear.;

l'li-g. 6' iS a lgrtilseotion similar toA Fig. l,V but of ai modified form wherein compression. members are used for'` movi-ng botliknif'ves u vFigs. 7, Send"v 9` aire' detail views of the knife carriers; i

. 110 shows aV shear` of the general ov-9e German Patent Noi.l 393,84 8,. but havin-gi improved joints forthe' compression. rods; i

Figs. ll and" l2 aire open sind closed views, respectively, ofanimproved formof single lever shear, incorporating the improvements ofthe structure shown. in Fig., 6

2 of ai modificati-on, but showing the eccentric shaft parallel with the kn-ivesinsteed of et right angles thereto; Figs. l/l and l5? erediazgrmnmetie showings- 'o modified arrangements of operating levers.` In Figs. 'l to 5" inelnsive, "5 designates e suitable shear housing. A `bloom support isindicated at V veying means or rollers, 'aus is generally proF vided.

Fig. 13 is a view generallynsimillar toI Fig.

6, and 7 indi-estes siii-table con--` is shown in Figs. 7, 8 and'9, in which the sides are shown as having grooves 12 thereiin The knife is designated 13.

l Received inv thelowerknife carrier is they upper knife carrier 14, .which is guided in fgrooves 12, and on the lower end of which is n the knife Projecting down each side of the knife* are extensions 16 which serve vto provide .the upper knife carrying-member with a greater bearing surfacefin the lower l carrier.

Entirely above the v'shearV housing, where it is free o'f Vdirt and scale, and readily acces-v sible, is the operating*mechanism for the shear. i This includes a shaft 17 whichmay l. be suitably driven by a large wheel 18. Y

The shaft has a crank or eccentric 19 thereon to which is connected va link 20. The outer lar. "connects at 23 with the 'outer'end of asecond end offlink 20 pivotally connects at 21 with a lever 22, which is preferably slightly ,angu- The outer end of this lever pivotally lever, or rather, the outer 'ends of parallel levers 24, whose inner ends bear onA the shaft 17. Two paralel levers 24 arel used in place Yof a single lever only for convenience, andY good mechanical design, but their action is that of a singlelever.A A

PivotedA to lever 22 between its ends at 25 isa link 26 whose lower end carrier; f L Levers`24 are voperatively connected with the upper knife carrier by parallel rods 27 having a knuckle joint connection'with the j levers at 28,a-nd liavinga similar connection with the upper knife carrier atr fear strips 30v lmay be provided with vthe upper knife Acarrier ati-29.. Wearstrips 30niay be provided in these'bearings, as indicatedl in Figs. 4 and 5. Pins 30, used in these joints,

are designed to positivelylconnect the ends of the links with the parts to which they attach, so that the rods may function to 'lift the carrier aswell as to depress it. As their load in lifting isnegligiblghthe pinhsneed not' be parts in the position shown in Fig., 1.

' miL vbottom of the shear housing.

heavy. y i j j,

The operation of the shear may nowbe followed.n rThe bloom X is run between vthe knivesA while they `are wide openv and the lVlieel 18 is rotated to turn crank or eccentricl9- in a clockwise" direction, vthat is,` the direction o f-tlie arrowl in-Fig.1. At l.this time, it will be noted, the lower knife carrier Sfrests onthe Y As the ec-v centric. or crank rotates, point 21 rises, rocking lever 22 on pivot25, and point 23 moves down, levers 24 swinging in an arc. about presses the bloom X. struction of the preferred form of the cai'rier the point 23 knife carrier pivotally con- 1 nccts zit-V26a with the top of the bottom knife `the sam The shaft 17 as the center. As vpoint 23'moves down, rods 27 are forced down, lowering the upper knife 'carrier 14 until the knife 15 r Due to the resistance 15 is checked,so that furtherl down. This causes link 2O to lift of the bloom, knife lever 22, swinging it in Yan arc about point'- 23. This forces the Ylo-wer knife carrier 8V upwardly, shearing the bloom.

The cutting will be effected always, irrespective V`of the thickness of the bloom, just as thel eccentric approaches dead center, the knives overlapping just a sufficient amount when the full dead center is reached..-

As the crank or eccentric rotates further, the lowerknife carrier is moved down until it touches-the bottom of the shear housing, whereupon point 25 becomes stationary, and begins to rise until the upper tion of'Fig. 1. j

' The arrangement of levers is suoli that they Vdo their work most effectively, and that the shearing strains'are always almost vertical,

is again' the fully open posi'- point 23 may not move y the levers never moving* to a ,positionA where there is any considerable side thrust on links 26 or 27.

By the use of kunckle joints at 28 and 29l for rods 27, a large' bearing surface for the ends of the rods is obtained inthe most vcompact` and accessible form. In my German patent above referred to, I have shown wrist pins. in a shear of this general type, but, due to the tremendous pressures, running into the hundreds of tons, which these pins must stand, they are necessarily of such large diameter as to considerably complicate the construction.

The knuckle advantage, stance as at By havingv the upper' knife carrier guided in the lower one, the tendency of the knives to spread vwhen making a cutis eounte'racted. By .making them interfit in this manner, instead of following the usual method of guiding each knife in the shearv housing, thev-construction is greatly cheapenedand strengthin that the socket, such for inbe made of steel.

In Fig. 6, Ihave shown the lower knife carrier 35 in the shear housing 36 as having anv upward extension .37 that projects above the` operating levers.V The upper knife carrier38 slides in the lower-(carrier, as hereinbefore described.

The operatingy mechanism is substantially drive shaft is designated 40, and 4l is the crank'or eccentric on which is 1ink-42. 1 Link 42 has its outer end pivoted at 43 to curved lever 44 which passes through the lower knife carrier 29, may be kept full of lubricant.v

well above the upper` v .f '1w joint connection has a further Y iis eiied, inasmuch as the shear housing is made d* bears the drive shaft.A

`it'lliy this arrangement, compreion rods pivoted at 1erl` to; theol-iter endsiof levens 45;: onezof which extends throught each side of the lower knifel carrier, and eavelr of which' i may be usedor transmitting motion `do'wnwardly from levers' 45 to* the upper kniffe,and air upwardly extending compresec 10` siony rod bearing in the' top ofl the lower knife` frame is; usedf fo r' transmit-ting motion? The shear is shown in closed position, that is;V with@ thel carts-shown infthe"` positionl they assume immediately after shearing-f.- wh'enf the knives overlapping.. Y v

i The advantage ot this construction vis' that all shearing forces a-re'transi'nitted through compression members: to' the respective lrnrre carriers? instead of partly' by compression' members and' partly ,by tensionffmenrbersy'- afs' in Fig-. 1l.,` i r i In Fig. 10, I have shown a'. shear operated: by' a systenfiI of. single levers, as: iin? my? German Patent Noil Sl'lg'd; The' present 4drafw-f ing represents air improvement thereov'erf,v in that the upper knife carrier 50' ,slides in and! isY guided'V retainedl bythe lower carrier" 51.' web' on istrnnsmitte"d,` furthermore, to the upper; knife carrier from af lever' 5% byv e compression rod 53' having knuckle joint at each` end, asl show-n.' out, this eliminates the use olf: the large' pins shown in'. said patent?,- andf thereby reduces angular i displacement-eI to' a mimimum?.l

. In Figs. H sind 12,. I have shown t'hesarne system ot; operating levers thatv shown in;

ig. 10, used'with the lower knife carrier ely Figi (i, and have used! corresponding ref- Jrencon-umerals. Figa' 1,11 shows the `,shear open andFig; '19 shows? itI closed. Til-risanrangement permits-,v as in Fig.- 6, ofthe useoif compression elements entirely i-n'eiecting the shearing operation.l

A InFi-g; 13,5 which* represents. ai section through a modified form, G04 designates the lower` `kni'le carrier having upwardly' tending ,portion- 611, similar to the lower knife carrier ofi Figs-.f 6 and ll.- Slida-bletherein in the manner hereinbefore described, is the rrpper knife carrier 622 The upper andv` lower knives a-re designated 63 and 64, respectively.

l The operating 'mechanisinisgenerally sim`- lar to that shown in Figs.) ll and l2, butl i the' drive shaft 65 parallel with the plaine of the knives 4.in/steed.` of being transverse thereto, as` in` all the other figures.- This sli-:tft has the eccentric or cra-nik 66 that operates link 67 pivoted atj 68 to one end oi? lever 69',whose other end- ,extends into the `lower knife carrier above the upper knife carrier and at right angle-s tothe plane-ot movement thereof. This lever is pivotally supportedv at v7,0 on links Z1 bearing onthe shaft 65. Com-pression bars "Z2 and 734, of the. knuckle A before pointed* joint type* serve-toiv transmit motion from leverl 69" to the upper and lower knife car-'1 rie-rs, respectively Willen the crank 70m then-14 the" lower lmife'pressesthe bloom, lever 69' will'i transmit pressurel to rodsfTl-4 rai-sel the lower knife carrier, and thereby` shear the'bloomtv rLhis provid'esanextremely` simplev and* eliei'jent. arrangement.-

In; Fig. 174-, which is diagrammatic-li have* show-1ra modi'ficationrot thel 'two-ileverfofper-l ating `meolia-nfisin of Fig.- l', wherein ther levers 80" are connected between Vtheir ends v 81a- 'E 11e-operating, rodsconnectv with the free ends of these levers.. The method oi operation is, similar, however;` with, that describedin connection witliFiQ. 1. o v

l-n Fig. 15",. which isI also'-tlieg@i1a1ii-ir1etic,; there is a 'further modilication-I ot the two lever arrangement,wherein: one et the levers 89f-is directly connected to the crank or ec-v centric 84, while the" other end of ythe vlever 89I connects with one end olf a second lever Sothrough llli-nk 86; The lever 85 has its other end bea-ring on theeranlcsliaft Sealadmotion is transmitted tothe knives through the vertice-l rods 87 88 connecting with levers 89 and? 85res19ec`tively, between-the endsthereof.y v i I It wil-l? bev readilyv seen that' variousaother changes andi modifications may be made. in

the construction of the shear with-in the conf-- tennulaftion` oit the invention.

lVhatI claim istv In as bloom shear, a shear lioiifsi-1ig,i1p per and` lower lfniile carriers movable in the housing, a knife carried by each of said caire u @Gris rotated clockwise direction, link 67 roclsil'ever,v 69', forcing; bar 72 down to move the 'upper knife carrier f down,`r vthe lower knife"v carrierremaining stationary' by reason' of the floating pivot CHA riers, and interfitting parts on' said carriers i slicl'ab'ly engaging'eacl-r other whereby one,

carrier may be sl-idably enga-gedon the other and eacharnojvable with respect to theotlier,I said inter-fitting parts serving to holdftlie car# riers 'against spreading and preventing: strains being` transmitted to the housing', and meafn'sfor movin-g each carrier with respect tot-heotheru' v r f v C 2; A' bloomv shear includinfga shearhouslng,- alower knife" ceirrier,` an upper lrnife carrier, qadriv'eshaft having an' eccentric thereon@ link the eccentric. f1-Clever vhoviirggone end pivotedl to' the link and; having its other end pivotally connectedawitli a second lever movable in' an are about'the shaft,-

means engaging the first lever between its i arod for transmitting motion from said sys-l tem to the lower lknife carrier, and a rod having a knucklebearing at each end-thereof forv opening ofthe lower carrier above the upper Y transmitting motion from the lever system Y to the upper vknife carrier1.

4. A bloom shear including a lower knife carrier, an upper knife carrier, an extension on the lower knife carrier projectingabove the upper. knife carrier, a lever system for moving the carriers, means for operating the lever system,'a downwardly extending compression rod engaging a lever in the system and` engagingthe upper knife carrier for ef.- fecting movement thereof, and a second compression rod lengaging a lever inthe system and extending upwardly for engagement with the -lower knife carrier, whereby shearing forces maybe' transmitted to both carriers entirely throughv compression rods.

'5. A bloom shear including a shear housing, a lower knife carrying member having aV j knife portion and having'an upwardly ex tending portionthereon having a clearance opening therein, an upper knife carrier co.-`

acting with the lower one having its lower' e-nd below the top of the upper one, said upper carrier also having `a knife portion forv coaction with the knife 't portion 'of the lower carrier, and means for moving the top carrierdown intoengagement with a: bloom and for moving the bottom carrier up to 'shear the bloom, said means including a lever mechanism which extends intoV the clearance opening of the lower carrier above the upper carrie-r, Yand acompression rodfeX- tending from the lever mechanism upwardly into engagementwith the upper portion of the lower carrier for applying the upward movement thereto, and a compression member engaging `the lever. mechanism extendingV down int-o engagement with the top of thev upper knife carrier.

6. A bloomshear including a shear housing, a lower knife carrying member having a knife portion andv having an upwardly ex tendingfportion thereon having a clearance opening therein, an upper knifecarrier eo-4 acting with the lower one and having its" lower end below the topl of the upper one, y said upper carrier also having a Vknife portion for coaction with the knife portion of the.

lower carrier, and means for moving the top carrier down into engagement 'with a bloom and for moving the bottom carrier up to shear the bloom, said means including a lever mechanism which extends into the clearance carrier. and a 'compression rod extending from the lever mechanism upwardly into engagement with theupperportionof the lowerr` engagement with the'top of the upperknife carrier, each compression memberhaving a the knife edges'.V

knuckle joint engagement at each end thereof with the parts with which it engages.

7. The combination vwith a bloom shear having upper vand lower knife carriers, of means for reciprocating each carrier rela-- tively vto the other, said means including a in planes parallel to theplaiie of movement of connecting rods,v and a drive the combination with a housing, of a plurality of knife carriers, cooperating means onthe carriers for counteracting spreading strains to which they are subjected in use, whereby the Spreading strains produced during the shearing actionv react against each other to conne'the said strainsto the carriers and prevent them being transmitted to the housing, andmeans forv operating the carriers. v 9. In a bloom shear, the, combination with a-housing, of any upper movable knife carrier and a lower movableknife carrier, a knife carried by each of the said carirers, said carriers disposed in the housing and arranged in 8'.` In a bloom shear,

knives, 4eachleverof the pair Contact with each otherand movable relativeshear, the combination with a shear housing,

of a lower knife carrier and an upper knife carrier, one slidable on the other, said'carriers disposed in theshear housing and having interiitting tongue and groove connections between the carriers to prevent spreading of the carriers during the sliding movement thereof, and meansV for moving each carrier` with l'respect to the l (lin other, said means including two independent leversV each operatively engaged with a carrier.

11. In a bloom shear,

a housing,

the combination with a lower knife carrier, an'upper vknife carrier, alever system for moving the carriersmeans for operating the'lever sys# teni, a downwardly4 extending compression rod engaging a lever inthe system and vengaging the upper knife carrier'for effecting a movement thereof, and a second compression rod engaginga 'lever'in thesystem and ex tending upwardly:v for engagement with the lower knife carrier, Y wherebyl shearing forces may be transmitted toE both carriers entirely through'the compression rods.

a housing, lof anupper knife carrier, a lower vlio 12; In a'bloom shear, the combination with i knife carrier, a lever, a compression rod having a knuckle bearing at each end thereof, connected with the upper knife carrier and the lever, and a compression rod having a knuckle bearing at each end thereof connected with the lower knife carrier and the lever.

14. In a bloomshear, the combination with a housing, of an upper movable knife carrier having a compression rod operatively connected therewith, a lower movable knife carrier having a compression rod operatively connected therewith, a knife carried by each of the said carriers, and a lever system for moving both of the said carriers, said carriers disposed in the housing and provided with cooperating means for maintaining them in sliding'y contact with each other and preventing spreading thereof, whereby the reactions of the spreading strains produced during the shearing operation-equalize eachv other and thereby confine the strains to the carriers and prevent their transmission to .the housing.

15.' In a bloom shear, the combination with a housing, of a downwardly movable automatically adjustable wardlymovable automatically adjustable shearing knife, carriers for the respectiveknives, actuating mechanism for `the shearshearing knife, anuping knives disposed above the knives and in- Y.

cluding leverand link connecting members for transmitting the automatic movement and shea-ring forces, cooperating means on the knife carriers whereby said transmitted forces are self-containedA Within the said mechanism and independent ofthe shea-r housing, said housing acting to guide the shearing and actuating mechanism.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

JOHANN HAI-IN. 

